M-ary Encoding

Pulse Shaping

Data Encoding Techniques

Power Spectral Density

Bipolar Signaling

Unipolar Return to Zero RZ RZ

Polar Signaling

Line Codes

Delta Modulation

Spread Spectrum Modulation

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)

Quantization Noise and Signal-to-Noise

Noise considerations in PCM Systems

Types of Quantizers

Differential PCM

Quantization

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